Dr. Basavaraj S Kumbar Consultant- Internal medicine,  Aster Whitefield Hospital,

A bowl of fresh salad implies clean eating for most, but the journey
from farm to plate tells another story. It goes beyond concerns of
cleanliness to the hidden realities of pesticides and insecticides
used to protect crops from pests and boost production.

Dr Basavaraj S Kumbar, Consultant, Internal Medicine at Aster
Whitefield Hospital, said, “The economic function of these
chemicals fails to protect consumers because their residues persist
on produce items, leading to less nutritious salads.” According to
him, here’s what you need to know.

1. Surface Residues Are More Common
Than You Think
Vegetables need multiple applications of pesticides throughout their
growing period. Leafy greens, tomatoes, cucumbers and capsicum
retain more pesticides because of their surface. Post-harvest
treatments are also applied to products even after they have been
harvested to maintain product freshness. This makes them unfit for
consumption. While washing them under running water helps, but it
fails to eliminate all pesticide residues.

2. Some Chemicals Are Systemic
Vegetables may contain residues that exist both on outer surfaces
and within internal tissues. People can decrease exposure to some
fruits and vegetables through peeling, but this method does not
work for leafy greens.

3. Endocrine Disruption Is a Real Concern
Some agricultural chemicals interfere with the endocrine system.
The chemicals disrupt thyroid function and reproductive hormones

while they also interfere with metabolic control mechanisms. People
who consume certain foods repeatedly over an extended period can
develop insulin resistance and experience menstrual irregularities
and reduced sperm quality.

4. Nutrient Loss from Soil Degradation
The consequences of excessive chemical usage extend beyond
their impact on humans. The chemical substances diminish
essential soil microorganisms which help maintain soil nutrient
levels. The health advantages of vegetables decrease because
plants cultivated in nutrient-deficient soil produce lower amounts of
vital micronutrients.

Safer Washing Methods That Can Help
There are ways to consume vegetables safely. These include
 Rinsing under running water for at least 30 seconds removes dirt
and some residues.

 Soaking vegetables in baking soda and water solution for 10 to
15 minutes has proven to be effective.

 Using vinegar solution can reduce surface microbes although
they do not completely eliminate all systemic chemicals.

 Scrubbing firm produce and discarding outer leaves of cabbage
or lettuce also helps lower exposure.

Smart Buying and Storage Practices
Seasonal produce should be selected because it provides better
health benefits when combined with vegetables from nearby
farmers who use organic farming methods and they need to select
non-wax-coated vegetables. The organic option should be chosen
for all high-residue vegetables whenever it becomes available.

FAQs on risk of pesticide in salad
Q. Why can salads contain pesticide residues?
Leafy greens, tomatoes, cucumbers and other salad ingredients
may be treated with pesticides during farming to protect crops from
pests and disease.

Q. Are pesticide residues harmful to health?

Long-term exposure to high levels of certain pesticides may
increase the risk of hormonal disruption, neurological issues, or
other health concerns. However, residues on food are usually
regulated within safety limits.

Q. Which salad ingredients are most likely to carry residues?
Leafy vegetables like lettuce and spinach, as well as strawberries
and bell peppers, are often reported to have higher residue levels if
not properly washed.

Q. Can washing salad remove pesticides?
Rinsing under running water helps reduce surface residues.
Soaking in salt water or baking soda solution may further lower
pesticide traces.

Q. Is peeling vegetables effective?
Yes, peeling can reduce pesticide exposure, but it may also remove
valuable nutrients found in the skin.